Oral health status in children undergoing chemotherapy for acute lymphocytic leukaemia: A cross-sectional study with emphasis on paediatric palliative care in a tertiary hospital setting

• Author Details:   
• Sanjeeta Dara
• A. Latha ^*
• Suman jhorar
• Suman Mahala
• Varsha Rani
• Vinkaj Kumari
• Yogita Chaudhary
• Thuileiphy Tallanao

Aim: This study Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL), a type of cancer that affects white blood cells. The investigation specifically concentrated on potential oral complications associated with the treatment and aimed to identify correlations with demographic characteristics. The primary objective was to mitigate the risk of additional complications.

Materials and Methods: A consecutive sampling approach was used in a cross-sectional survey conducted among all 56 eligible children receiving chemotherapy for Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) at a tertiary care hospital in Western Rajasthan. Socio-demographic and clinical data were documented. The Oral Assessment Guide (OAG) tool was employed to assess the oral health of the participants. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied for analysis using SPSS version 23.

Results: The study revealed that 69.6% of participants had compromised oral health. Most of the participants were male (66.1%). About 46.4% were in the maintenance phase of chemotherapy. According to the OAG tool, oral mucositis was present in 46.4% of children after the first dose of chemotherapy. Nearly 25% did not have any oral issues. Two-thirds of the participants (66.1%) brushed daily. Oral mucositis correlated significantly (p<0.05) with age, education, age at ALL diagnosis, and frequency of mouthwash use. Pamphlets on oral care for children undergoing chemotherapy were prepared, and demonstrations on oral hygiene were shown to parents and children through videos. Handouts on oral health were also provided.

Conclusion: Chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a risk factor for oral mucositis. Early assessment and monitoring of oral health status can enhance the quality of life for children affected by ALL.