Innovative paradigms: Integrative models in orofacial pain treatment

• Author Details:   
• Shweta Hinduja ^*
• Ruchika Sood

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Orofacial pain is a multifaceted condition encompassing various disorders such as temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD), neuropathic pain, and dental pain. Managing orofacial pain effectively requires an integrated approach that addresses its complex etiology and individual patient needs. This article provides a comprehensive review of evidence-based strategies for the integrated management of orofacial pain. The integrated approach begins with accurate diagnosis through comprehensive clinical evaluation and diagnostic testing. Pharmacotherapy forms the foundation of treatment, however, addressing the psychological and emotional aspects of chronic pain is equally crucial. Behavioral therapies such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and biofeedback are integrated to manage pain perception and coping strategies. Physical modalities like physical therapy, yoga, occlusal splints, and acupuncture complement pharmacotherapy by targeting musculoskeletal dysfunction and promoting neuromuscular balance. This article also highlights the importance of spirituality and how it contributes to the overall well-being of an individual with orofacial pain.  By synthesizing current evidence and clinical expertise, this article advocates for a holistic approach to orofacial pain management that recognizes its multifactorial nature and tailors' treatment strategies to individual patient needs. Through collaboration between healthcare providers and patients, the integrated approach offers a comprehensive framework for alleviating orofacial pain and improving overall quality of life.

Keywords: Orofacial Pain, Integrated pain management of orofacial pain, Physical therapy in pain mangement, Behavioural therapy in pain management